Tseries Technical Documentation

Tseries is an open-source time-series viewer for meteorological purposes. Tseries is developed and implemented at the Norwegian Meteorological Institute met.no, as a part of the operational meteorological workstation. Tseries can be used standalone, or in interaction with the Diana meteorological workstation. The Tseries package contains two programs:

1. tseries.bin is the timeseries viewer with a Graphical user interface
2. btseries is a batch version of Tseries, using the same graphical engine

The Goal of this Document is to explain the basic structure of Tseries setup- and stylefiles in order to adapt Tseries to a specific environment. The intended readership for this document is it-personnel and meteorologists, in charge of the operational setup of a local Tseries implementation. The description of the Tseries GUI is integrated in the applications help menu. The btseries user interface is described in the “btseries –help” option.

Styles and control are located in a separate package - The source code is downloadable at subversion

Most of the input in Tseries is given by the control file, but can be overridden by command line input:

There are several possibilities to add a Datastream to a Tseries Diagram:

1. HDF is the most common used datasource. In HDF all positions are predefined and named, Hdf input is defined in the base control file tseries.ctl. All HDF streams mentioned in tseries.ctl are indexed at startup. Streams from different HDF files can be combined in a single Diagram.
2. ASCII is implemented. But in an operational environment ASCII streams are space-consuming and ineffective. An example of usage of ASCII streams is presented in the appendix of this Document.
3. WDB the Weather and Water Database WDB is an open-source database system based on postgres. The system is developed at MET Norway. WDB is holding data as fields. Tseries retrieves interpolated timeseries from the database. As WDB interpolates data on-demand, WDB is more flexible, but slower than local HDF files. WDB is the dataengine for for the web-based, free weather service yr.no
4. KDVH is a MET Norway proprietary interface, based on URL. KDVH reads observations from the Norwegian climatic database. The Data are defined as Diagram entries in the control file (tseries.ctl) and can be implemented in any diagram.

1. Fimex Fimex is a library to process several datastream types (like NetCDF). Fimex Interpolates on demand from files. This is time-consuming, therefore fimexstreams are read for all positions on request. After that the Fimex stream is used from cache

A Diagram in Tseries consist of one or more datastreams connected to a given style. There are several files needed to generate a diagram: To generate a new diagram, one have to proceed the following workflow:

1. Create a new folder.
2. Copy a tseries.ctl and a tsDiagrams file into the folder.
3. Edit tseries.ctl. If the new diagram implements a new style and not a new stream, then just change the definition for Defs to the tsDiagrams file in this folder.
4. Copy a stylefile into the folder (for instance meteogram.style) rename the stylefile.
5. Edit tsDiagrams. Compose the parameters and models for the new diagram. Connect the diagram to the stylefile in this folder.
6. Edit the stylefile in this folder.
7. Start tseries.bin in this folder, the local tseries.ctl will be the default.
8. Repeat 6. and 7. until you are happy with the result.

The control file is split into several sections. All parameters given in the start of the file can be used as substitutes by $(parameter) anywhere later in the file. Unix Environment variables can be substituted by ${parameter}.

Single lines can be commented out by “#”

Keys, Sites and sections are “case-independent”

Tseries.ctl is a multi-user setup-file. To avoid the administration of several setup-files within one company, the file can contain several different configurations. The file is processed top-down. If a variable is defined several times, the last definition is valid.

Elements within sites in Tseries are usually inactive, the parser will ignore them, unless the user starts Tseries with the flag that defines the specific site ( the -S flag). A site is defined by a colon separated list of strings in square brackets. A site section ends by another site or a set of empty brackets.

Example:

server=meat.com

[FRUIT]
server=banana.com

[VEGETABLES:OTHERS]
server=potato.com
[]

Basically the server is defined as “meat.com”, if one wants to use the “banana.com” server, one have to start Tseries by: tseries -S FRUIT

To use potato.com in this example, one can start Tseries either with “ -S VEGETABLES” or “-S OTHERS”. This server is valid for for both flags.

Sections are defined by chevrons like “<Path>”. A section is valid until the next section starts. Anything in tseries.ctl is organised in sections from the beginning of the first section. Entities written before the first section starts are pushed into a hash table and can be used freely as substitutes through the entire setup file.

The server section is used to define the connection to Diana via coserver

The streams section is parsed by an older system, the pets graphical engine, on which Tseries is build. All data input from HDF files and Fimex streams is defined here, always the same way.

A new model starts with a collection name, this is kept for backwards-compatibility, these values are not used by Tseries

CollectionName=ECMeteogrammer
PreferredDiagram=Meteogram
InitialOpen=0

In a collection, any hdf/fimex file has to be registered the following way

This section maps wdb parameters to tseries parameters

# tseries parameter  = <wdb parameter> | <height> < height name>  : <scale> 
MSLP,0,x,x,APP=  air pressure at sea level               | 0   height above ground             :/100
RR,0,x,x,APP=    lwe precipitation rate                  | 0   height above ground
TT,0,x,x,APP=    kalman air temperature                  | 2   height above ground             :-273.15
UU,0,x,x,APP=    x wind                                  | 10  height above ground             :*1.94384

connect two parameters to a vector( to rotate them into a greografic grid)

UU,0,x,x,x :VV,0,x,x,x

# tseries parameter = klimaparameter
TT_O,0,x,OBS,x=TA 
MSLP_O,0,x,OBS,x=PR 
QNH_O,0,x,OBS,x=PH

# tseries parameter = klimaparameter
# for these parameters, tseries has to build a timeline
TAM,0,x,OBS,x=TAM
TANM,0,x,OBS,x=TANM
TAXM,0,x,OBS,x=TAXM

tag       = Given at the fimexstream definition  (DataType : Tag)
fimexname = Request parametername
Unit      = Udunits string
extradim  = Predefined dimensions are time and position, height or similar has to
            be defined her for this particular parameter

# tseries parameter   = tag | fimexname                | Unit | extradim1 start1 len1 | extradim2 ...
#
#


MSLP,x,x,x = netcdf | air_pressure_at_sea_level         | hPa      | height 0 1
TT,x,x,x   = netcdf | air_temperature_2m                | Celsius
UU,x,x,x   = netcdf | x_wind_10m                        | kt

# with a defined RRAC, tseries knows automatically how to extract RR from it
RRAC,x,x,x = netcdf | precipitation_amount_acc          | kg/m^2
# Postprocessed temperature - alias...
TTPP,x,x,x = netcdf | air_temperature_2m                | Celsius

## Wrf data

MSLP,x,x,x = wrf | air_pressure_at_sea_level      | hPa     
TT,x,x,x   = wrf | T2                             | Celsius
UU,x,x,x   = wrf | U10                            | kt  | 
VV,x,x,x   = wrf | V10                            | kt  | 

The Diagram definition file ties the streams to the actual diagram styles. One model input can appear in several diagrams, as well as several different models can use the same diagram type (like a meteogram). It is also possible to use one parameter from a defined stream into a certain diagram that is used by another stream. An example is the use of wind speed from an atmospheric model into a wave-diagram. Tseries builds its User interface based on this file. A stream appears first in the menus when it is defined here. If you want to remove a streams from Tseries, you have to remove it from this file as well. Otherwise it will appear as an empty entry in the menus.

All Models have to be defined in the models section, here one can change the display name of the model in the diagrams. The key has to be equal the stream name from tseries.ctl.

Example:

 ECMWF=Ecmwf

ECMWF equals the DataDescription from tseries.ctl, Ecmwf will be displayed in the Tseries GUI menus

Each diagram definition connects some parameters from some models to a style. A style can be used several times in different contexts. For instance is the S-meteogram (symbol meteogram) a diagram that uses the meteogram style, but it has also the weather parameter (WW) as input. Each diagram defintion starts with the [DIAGRAM] keyword and ends with the [ADD] keyword.

Examples:

# Standard meteogram
[DIAGRAM]
# The name of the diagram as it appears in the menu
NAME=Meteogram
# The connected style file
STYLEFILE=meteogram.style
# The streams connected to this diagram
[LEGALMODELS]
MODEL=ECMWF
MODEL=HARMONIE_2.5km

# Modelindependent = These parameters will be taken from 
# all models, if available

[MODELINDEPENDENT]
PARAM=UU,x,x,x
PARAM=VV,x,x,x
PARAM=FF,x,x,x
PARAM=DD,x,x,x
[END]

# Modelspecific = These parameters are only used if they come from the specified model.
# Modelspecific values are not necessary part of the legalmodels. 
# If they are not defined there, they will not occur in the menu

[MODELSPECIFIC]
MODEL=HARMONIE_2.5km
PARAM=TT_U,x,x,x
[END]

[MODELSPECIFIC]
MODEL=OBS
PARAM=TT,x,x,x
[END]

[ADD]

Styles are defined in stylefiles. These are connected to data by tsDiagrams.def. By altering the stylesfiles you can control colors, line and object types in the diagram. There are hundreds of different types in a stylefile. You have to start with an existing stylefile and reduce that given stylefile until it fits your purpose. A style starts with the definition of the standard values: like default patterns, background color for the diagram etc.

#==================================================================
# 
# Global settings
#
#==================================================================


bgColor=      WHITE
topMargin=    50
bottomMargin= 50
leftMargin=   150
rightMargin=  150

# --------------------------------
# default values

type=         DUM_PRIMITIVE
parameter=    x,x,x,x
mother=       DIAGRAM
plotAll=      FALSE
enabled=      TRUE

color=        RED
color2=       YELLOW
font=         NORMAL
linePattern=  FULL
fillPattern=  SOLID
align=        LEFT
spacing=      MEDIUM
intSpacing=   SMALL
label=        TRUE
patternInColour= FALSE
lineWidth=    1.0
axisWidth=    2.0
tickWidth=    1.0
minRange=     0
interval=     1
delta=        2
minMargin=    0
maxIsSet=     FALSE
minIsSet=     FALSE
minValue=     100000
maxValue=    -100000
yaid=         0
centerVector= FALSE
numTickMajor= 10
numTickMinor= 2
labelSpace=   120
quantized=    FALSE
quantum=      1.0
gridxonly=    FALSE
axisgrid=     FALSE
gridwidth=    1
gridcolor=    GREY25
gridstyle=    DOTTED

[DEFAULT]

Then you have to define axes

first at least one x-axis
 # --------------------------------
# utc-time
[NEW]
type=     UTC
order=    8
height=   25
spacing=  SMALL
font=     NORMAL
color=    BLUE
minSkipX= 15
[ADD]

And then several y-axes. A curve in the diagram is connected to an axis. If you want to display, for instance several temperatures, you have to create a temperature axis. Then you have to connect the curves to that axis. By that it is guaranteed that the curves are scaled correctly to each other. Each axis has an unique identifier (y-axis-id/yaid). Yaid is used to connect parameters to the axis.

 # ----------------------------
# Yaxis (T2m)

[NEW]
type=        YAXIS_STATIC
yaid=        0
delta=       1.0
interval=    0.5
minMargin=   0.25
minRange=    5.0
minIsSet=    FALSE
maxIsSet=    FALSE
text=
align=       LEFT
axis=        LEFTLEFT
color=       RED
lineWidth=   2
linePattern= FULL
patternInColour=TRUE
[ADD]

With axis in place, you have to define a parameter and connect it to it. In this case, the curve is presented in 2 different colors, one for -100 to 0 degrees and one for 0-100 degrees.

 [NEW]
type=            LINE
yaid=            0
parameter=       TT,0,x,x
text=            T2m [°C]
lineWidth=       2
linePattern=     FULL
patternInColour= FALSE
colorbyvalue=    TRUE
datalimits=      -100,0,100
colorlist=       BLUE,RED
patternInColour= FALSE
[ADD]

There are several types in Tseries that can be used by the different elements.