This is an old revision of the document!
Eyjafjallajokull eruption
Model simulation
Model set-up
The version of the Unified EMEP model
correspond to rv3_5_21
on FORECAST
mode.
The simulation was set up as chain of 6 day forecasts,
driven by ECMWF
meteorology (IFS, operational 00 UTC
forecast).
The simulation domain covers only [25W–35E]x[36N–75N]
with a 0.2×0.2
resolution.
The full extended model domain extends down to 31N
, but the simulation goes only down to 36N
.
Meteorology
The fields retrieved for the full extended forecast domain [25W–35E]x[31N–75N]
,
from MARS include:
Emission set-up
Maximum plume height comes from London VAAC reports.
Emission rates of PM10 and PM2.5 interpreted from PDF and discussion with Ármann Höskuldsson (University of Iceland). Emission rates for the 14-16 are towards the higher end of the observed mean total ash emissions from the 14-16 and the 17-19 are from the low end of the observed mean total ash emissions from the 14-16 because emissions were reported to have decreased after the first three days. For the 20 it is lower because of reports that there is now less ash in the plume.
Emission rates of SO2 for the 15 are based on OMI SO2. The SO2 then decreases through the 18th consistent with reports of weaker plumes and OMI not observing new puffs clearly and then increases on the 19th. The SO2 values except for on the 15th are not based on total OMI observed SO2, rather they are intended to represent trends in the SO2 emissions.
Eruption emission parameters
PM10 [kg/s] | PM2.5 [kg/s] | SO2 [kg/s] | height [km] | |
---|---|---|---|---|
2010-04-14 | 3E4 | 8.4E3 | 15 | 8 |
2010-04-15 | 3E4 | 8.4E3 | 46 | 7 |
2010-04-16 | 3E4 | 8.4E3 | 15 | 7 |
2010-04-17 | 6E3 | 1.7E3 | 10 | 7 |
2010-04-18 | 6E3 | 1.7E3 | 10 | 5 |
2010-04-19 | 6E3 | 1.7E3 | 20 | 5 |
2010-04-20—25 | 2E3 | 5.6E2 | 20 | 4 |
Implementation details
Emissions
- Volcanic eruption emission are hard-coded into the model.
- The eruption started on 2010-04-14 at 00
UTC
and continues trough the simulation. - Emissions are treated as a vertical line source.
- Emission rates for each day are assumed constant trough the column height.
- Ash emissions are treated in the model as primary
PM
emissions. - In order to model only the volcanic plume only ash emissions are taken into account as primary
PM
emissions, i.e. all other primaryPM
emissions are neglected. - Volcanic
SO2
emissions are added to the standard model emissions. - Standard model emissions are set accordingly to the TNO-MACC-1 emission dataset.
Simulation
- The simulations are run on titan (UiO) on 8×2 processors.
- The driving bash and perl scripts at:
- titan:~alvarov/Unify/run/cwf_ext-2010.sh
- titan:~alvarov/Unify/run/modrun.rv3.CWF-EXT.pl
- Source and meteorology files are located at:
- titan:~alvarov/Unify/Unimod.rv3_5_21.CWF-EXT/
- titan:/data3/metno/emep/Data/FORECAST/metdata/
- 2010/meteo-ext201004??_??.nc (EMEP Format)
- 2010_ECMWF/cwf-ext_*_f201004??.nc (retrieved from MARS)
- The raw output and images is located at:
- titan:~alvarov/CWF/output.rv3.CWF-EXT.2010
- titan:~alvarov/CWF/output.rv3.CWF-EXT.2010/www/images
Results
The latest images (*.png
) and animations (*.mpg
) for each forecast day can be found here.
- The
YYYYMMDD.zip
files contain all images for the forecast starting onYYYY-MM-DD
, e.g.20100414.zip
contains all images for April 14th forecast. - Hourly images are named according to the following convention:
name.png=var_lev_fsdate_date.png
, where:var
is the variable name (e.g.ppm25
for fine volcanic particles);lev
is the level (e.g.tcol
for total column);fsdate
is the forecast start date (inYYYYMMDD
format);date
is the forecasted date and hour (inYYYYMMDDHH
format);- fine, coarse and fine+coarse volcanic particles (
var=ppm25,ppmco,ppm10
respectively) are shown in μg/m3 at c.a. 1 and 5 km of heigh (lev=1km,5km
respectively); SO2
(var=so2
) tropospheric column (lev=so2
) is shown in Dobson units (including non-volcanic emissions).- tropospheric column fine, coarse and fine+coarse volcanic particles (
var_lev=ppm25_tcol,ppmco_tcol,ppm10_tcol
respectively) are shown in μg/m2.
- Animations for the hole period are named
name.mpg=var_lev_fsdate.mpg
- As emissions estimates improve past forecast will be re-run and the previous files updated. Re-run files include only one forecast day.
Additional resources
Satellite observations
- GOME-2, SCIAMACHY & OMI SO2 column
- MODIS AOD
Other model simulations
- SNAP Dispersion
- MACC SO2 column
- EURAD PM10